Depends on how fast you climb the rankings. For some it takes 20 or more fights. For Leon Spinks it took only 7 fights to get a shot at Ali. The promoter also has a say in it.
It really doesnt take long. Not unless if you're Lomachenko.
how hard do you want to train and how much do you want to be the champ.
Leon Spinks became a champion after 7 pro fights, but lost in his next fight and never was the same again. Some fighter's take years and many, many fights before even getting that title shot. May depend on the division you're in, the country, and of course your boxing talent and record.
Depends on how good of a boxer you are.